Quantum Teleportation Enters the Real World

Paige Giffault

Quantum Entanglement is “a physical phenomenon that occurs when pairs or groups of particles interact such that the quantum state of each particle cannot be described independently of the others, even when the particles are separated by a large distance”. According to this theory, particles could be light years away from each other, yet still be able to interact together. Until recent times and advancements in science, there was much controversy over this theory. Einstein called this theory of entanglement “spooky action at a distance”.

For years now, scientists have been trying to prove the theory of quantum entanglement. Many argue that it is impossible to precisely measure the position and movement of two separate particles at the same time. Although scientists have been able to prove that this theory exists, the challenge has been how to put it in motion. With the advancements in science and technology, disturbances in the environment and technological issues became the major obstacle in pursuing quantum teleportation.

However, two recent experiments have been able to successfully send messages encrypted in both photons. “One of the largest hurdles for both teams to overcome was the tendency of fiber optic cables to stretch and compress due to temperature changes”. This means that the messages in the particles must be measured and arrive at the same exact time so they can be read.

In 2012, researches in Austria used lasers to send information over 90 miles. In a more recent experiment, information was sent through photons over 9 miles. This experiment, the Hefei experiment, was the first to accurately determine the state of the photons. This is a huge breakthrough in science and technology. Soon, we will be able use telecommunication to send private messages across cities and countries.